LeetCode 338 - Counting Bits

Difficulty: easy

Problem Description

English (Counting Bits)

Given an integer n, return an array ans of length n + 1 such that for each i (0 <= i <= n), ans[i] is the number of 1‘s in the binary representation of i.

Example 1:

Input: n = 2
Output: [0,1,1]
Explanation:
0 --> 0
1 --> 1
2 --> 10

Example 2:

Input: n = 5
Output: [0,1,1,2,1,2]
Explanation:
0 --> 0
1 --> 1
2 --> 10
3 --> 11
4 --> 100
5 --> 101

Constraints:

• 0 <= n <= 10^5

Follow up:

• It is very easy to come up with a solution with a runtime of O(n log n). Can you do it in linear time O(n) and possibly in a single pass?
• Can you do it without using any built-in function (i.e., like __builtin_popcount in C++)?

Chinese (比特位计数)

给你一个整数 n ，对于 0 <= i <= n 中的每个 i ，计算其二进制表示中 1 的个数 ，返回一个长度为 n + 1 的数组 ans 作为答案。

示例 1：

输入：n = 2
输出：[0,1,1]
解释：
0 --> 0
1 --> 1
2 --> 10

示例 2：

输入：n = 5
输出：[0,1,1,2,1,2]
解释：
0 --> 0
1 --> 1
2 --> 10
3 --> 11
4 --> 100
5 --> 101

提示：

• 0 <= n <= 10^5

进阶：

• 很容易就能实现时间复杂度为 O(n log n) 的解决方案，你可以在线性时间复杂度 O(n) 内用一趟扫描解决此问题吗？
• 你能不使用任何内置函数解决此问题吗？（如，C++ 中的 __builtin_popcount ）

Solution

Solution 1

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> countBits(int n) {
        vector<int> res(n + 1);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            res[i] = res[i >> 1] + (i & 1);
        }
        return res;
    }
};

Solution 2

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> countBits(int n) {
        vector<int> res(n + 1);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            res[i] = res[i & (i - 1)] + 1;
        }
        return res;
    }
};